Os 101 melhores guiões do século XXI (até ao momento…)

A mais importante associação de guionistas dos Estados Unidos, a Writers Guild of America (West), publicou ontem a sua lista com os 101 melhores guiões dos últimos 21 anos.

Surpreendentemente, ou não, o guião mais votado foi o do filme Get Out, escrito por Jordan Peele, um dos mais estimulantes filmes de terror dos últimos anos.

A minha escolha para o primeiro lugar teria sido provavelmente outra, mas estaria com certeza nesta lista. Por exemplo, Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (nº22), In Bruges (nº40), Juno (nº 24) ou Children of Men (nº18), só para mencionar alguns dos possíveis candidatos.

Como seria de esperar, a lista pende desproporcionalmente para as obras de autores americanos ou em língua inglesa. Afinal de contas, foram os próprios autores de Hollywood que votaram nestes guiões.

Isto já se tinha verificado há alguns anos atrás, numa outra lista que a WGAW publicou, dedicada aos melhores guiões do século passado ¹.

Mas é interessante verificar algumas características desta nova selecção, que refletem a evolução dos nossos tempos. Como a própria WGAW destaca no artigo de apresentação, 30 destes guiões são escritos por mulheres, contra apenas 7 créditos femininos na lista do século XX.

Mais significativo ainda, segundo o mesmo artigo, é haver 5 autores não-caucasianos nos 10 guiões no topo da lista; nos 101 guiões da lista anterior, eram zero.

A lista

1. Get Out (2017) – Written by Jordan Peele
2. Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004) – Written by Charlie Kaufman, Story by Charlie Kaufman & Michel Gondry & Pierre Bismut
3. The Social Network (2010) – Screenplay by Aaron Sorkin, Based Upon the Book The Accidental Billionaires by Ben Mezrich
4. Parasite (2019) – Screenplay by Bong Joon Ho and Han Jin Won, Story by Bong Joon Ho
5. No Country for Old Men (2007) – Written for the Screen by Joel Coen & Ethan Coen, Based on the Novel by Cormac McCarthy
6. Moonlight (2016) – Screenplay by Barry Jenkins, Story by Tarell Alvin McCraney
7. There Will Be Blood (2007) – Screenplay by Paul Thomas Anderson, Based on the Novel Oil! by Upton Sinclair
8. Inglourious Basterds (2009) – Written by Quentin Tarantino
9. Almost Famous (2000) – Written by Cameron Crowe
10. Memento (2000) – Screenplay by Christopher Nolan, Based on the Short Story by Jonathan Nolan
11. Adaptation (2002) – Screenplay by Charlie Kaufman and Donald Kaufman, Based on the Book The Orchid Thief by Susan Orlean
12. Bridesmaids (2011) – Written by Annie Mumolo & Kristen Wiig
13. Brokeback Mountain (2005) – Screenplay by Larry McMurtry & Diana Ossana, Based on the Short Story by Annie Proulx
14. The Royal Tenenbaums (2001) – Written by Wes Anderson & Owen Wilson
15. Sideways (2004) – Screenplay by Alexander Payne & Jim Taylor, Based on the Novel by Rex Pickett
16. Lady Bird (2017) – Written by Greta Gerwig
17. Her (2013) – Written by Spike Jonze
18. Children of Men (2006) – Screenplay by Alfonso Cuarón & Timothy J. Sexton and David Arata and Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby, Based on the Novel The Children of Men by P.D. James
19. Lost in Translation (2003) – Written by Sofia Coppola
20. Michael Clayton (2007) – Written by Tony Gilroy
21. Little Miss Sunshine (2006) – Written by Michael Arndt
22. Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (2019) – Written by Quentin Tarantino
23. Promising Young Woman (2020) – Written by Emerald Fennell
24. Juno (2007) – Written by Diablo Cody
25. The Grand Budapest Hotel (2014) – Screenplay by Wes Anderson, Story by Wes Anderson & Hugo Guinness
26. The Dark Knight (2008) – Screenplay by Jonathan Nolan and Christopher Nolan, Story by Christopher Nolan & David S. Goyer, Based Upon Characters Appearing in Comic Books
27. Arrival (2016) – Screenplay by Eric Heisserer, Based on the Story “Story of Your Life” Written by Ted Chiang
28. Jojo Rabbit (2019) – Screenplay by Taika Waititi, Based on the Book Caging Skies by Christine Leunens
29. Inside Out (2015) – Screenplay by Meg LeFauve, Original Story by Pete Docter and Ronnie Del Carmen
30. The Departed (2006) – Screenplay by William Monahan, Based on the Motion Picture Infernal Affairs, Written by Alex Mak and Felix Chong
31. Spotlight (2015) – Written by Josh Singer & Tom McCarthy
32. Whiplash (2014) – Written by Damien Chazelle
33. Up (2009) – Screenplay by Bob Peterson, Pete Docter, Story by Pete Docter, Bob Peterson, Tom McCarthy
34. Mean Girls (2004) – Screenplay by Tina Fey, Based on the Book Queen Bees and Wannabes by Rosalind Wiseman
35. WALL-E (2008) – Screenplay by Andrew Stanton, Jim Reardon, Original Story by Andrew Stanton, Pete Docter
36. Pan’s Labyrinth (2006) – Written by Guillermo del Toro
37. Inception (2010) – Written by Christopher Nolan
38. Slumdog Millionaire (2008) – Screenplay by Simon Beaufoy, Based on the Novel Q&A by Vikas Swarup
39. Before Sunset (2004) – Screenplay by Richard Linklater & Julie Delpy & Ethan Hawke, Story by Richard Linklater & Kim Krizan, Based on Characters Created by Richard Linklater & Kim Krizan
40. In Bruges (2008) – Written by Martin McDonagh
41. Mulholland Dr. (2001) – Written by David Lynch
42. A Serious Man (2009) – Written by Joel Coen & Ethan Coen
43. Amélie (2001) – Screenplay by Guillaume Laurant and Jean-Pierre Jeunet
44. Toy Story 3 (2010) – Screenplay by Michael Arndt, Story by John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, and Lee Unkrich
45. The Favourite (2018) – Written by Deborah Davis and Tony McNamara
46. Zodiac (2007) – Screenplay by James Vanderbilt, Based on the Book by Robert Graysmith
47. Gladiator (2000) – Screenplay by David Franzoni and John Logan and William Nicholson, Story by David Franzoni
48. The Incredibles (2004) – Written by Brad Bird
49. Knives Out (2019) – Written by Rian Johnson
50. Ex Machina (2015) – Written by Alex Garland
51. Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) (2014) – Written by Alejandro G. Iñárritu, Nicolás Giacobone, Alexander Dinelaris Jr. & Armando Bó
52. The Lives of Others (2007) – Written by Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck
53. Nightcrawler (2014) – Written by Dan Gilroy
54. 12 Years a Slave (2013) – Screenplay by John Ridley, Based on the book Twelve Years a Slave by Solomon Northup
55. The Big Short (2015) – Screenplay by Charles Randolph and Adam McKay, Based on the Book by Michael Lewis
56. Moneyball (2011) – Screenplay by Steven Zaillian and Aaron Sorkin, Story by Stan Chervin, Based on the Book by Michael Lewis
57. Black Panther (2018) – Written by Ryan Coogler & Joe Robert Cole, Based on the Marvel Comics by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby
58. You Can Count on Me (2000) – Written by Kenneth Lonergan
59. Boyhood (2014) – Written by Richard Linklater
60. Finding Nemo (2003) – Screenplay by Andrew Stanton, Bob Peterson, David Reynolds, Original Story by Andrew Stanton
61. The Hurt Locker (2008) – Written by Mark Boal
62. Roma (2018) – Written by Alfonso Cuarón
63. The Wolf of Wall Street (2013) – Screenplay by Terence Winter, Based on the Book by Jordan Belfort
64. Hell or High Water (2016) – Written by Taylor Sheridan
65. Manchester by the Sea (2016) – Written by Kenneth Lonergan
66. A Separation (2011) – Written by Asghar Farhadi
67. Spirited Away (2001) – Written by Hayao Miyazaki
68. Mad Max: Fury Road (2015) – Written by George Miller, Brendan McCarthy, Nico Lathouris
69. Booksmart (2019) – Written by Emily Halpern & Sarah Haskins and Susanna Fogel and Katie Silberman
70. City of God (2002) – Screenplay by Bráulio Mantovani, Based on the Novel by Paulo Lins
71. Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (2018) – Screenplay by Phil Lord and Rodney Rothman, Story by Phil Lord, Based on the Marvel Comics
72. Inside Llewyn Davis (2013) – Written by Joel Coen & Ethan Coen
73. The King’s Speech (2010) – Screenplay by David Seidler
74. Django Unchained (2012) – Written by Quentin Tarantino
75. Ocean’s Eleven (2001) – Screenplay by Ted Griffin, Based on a Screenplay by Harry Brown and Charles Lederer and a Story by George Clayton Johnson & Jack Golden Russell
76. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001) – Screenplay by Fran Walsh & Philippa Boyens & Peter Jackson, Based on the Book The Fellowship of the Ring by J.R.R. Tolkien
77. Shaun of the Dead (2004) – Written by Simon Pegg and Edgar Wright
78. Erin Brockovich (2000) – Written by Susannah Grant
79. Call Me by Your Name (2017) – Screenplay by James Ivory, Based on the Novel by André Aciman
80. Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (2017) – Written by Martin McDonagh
81. The Lobster (2015) – Written by Yorgos Lanthimos and Efthymis Filippou
82. The Prestige (2006) – Screenplay by Jonathan Nolan and Christopher Nolan, Based on the Novel by Christopher Priest
83. Midnight in Paris (2011) – Written by Woody Allen
84. The Master (2012) – Written by Paul Thomas Anderson
85. Argo (2012) – Screenplay by Chris Terrio, Based on a selection from The Master of Disguise by Antonio J. Mendez and the Wired Magazine Article “The Great Escape” by Joshuah Bearman
86. Y tu mamá también (2001) – Written by Carlos Cuarón & Alfonso Cuarón
87. Phantom Thread (2017) – Written by Paul Thomas Anderson
88. Superbad (2007) – Written by Seth Rogen & Evan Goldberg
89. Little Women (2019) – Screenplay by Greta Gerwig, Based on the Novel by Louisa May Alcott
90. BlacKkKlansman (2018) – Written by Charlie Wachtel & David Rabinowitz and Kevin Willmott & Spike Lee, Based on the Book by Ron Stallworth
91. The Farewell (2019) – Written by Lulu Wang
92. La La Land (2016) – Written by Damien Chazelle
93. Borat: Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan (2006) – Screenplay by Sacha Baron Cohen & Anthony Hines & Peter Baynham & Dan Mazer, Story by Sacha Baron Cohen & Peter Baynham & Anthony Hines & Todd Phillips, Based on a Character Created by Sacha Baron Cohen
94. The 40-Year-Old Virgin (2005) – Written by Judd Apatow & Steve Carell
95. Ratatouille (2007) – Screenwriter: Brad Bird, Original Story by Jan Pinkava, Jim Capobianco, Brad Bird, Additional Story Material by Emily Cook & Kathy Greenberg, Bob Peterson
96. Lars and the Real Girl (2007) – Written by Nancy Oliver
97. Nomadland (2020) – Written for the Screen by Chloé Zhao, Based on the Book by Jessica Bruder
98. Winter’s Bone (2010) – Screenplay by Debra Granik & Anne Rosellini, Based on the Novel by Daniel Woodrell
99. O Brother, Where Art Thou? (2000) – Written by Ethan Coen & Joel Coen, Based Upon the Odyssey by Homer
100. Legally Blonde (2001) – Screenplay by Karen McCullah Lutz & Kirsten Smith, Based on the Book by Amanda Brown
101. Silver Linings Playbook (2012) – Screenplay by David O. Russell, Based on the Novel by Matthew Quick

Conclusão

Muitos dos guiões que fazem parte das duas listas estão disponíveis na internet para baixar e estudar. Pode, por exemplo, começar por este artigo que publiquei antes aqui no blogue.

Se quer aprender a escrever guiões, ler os melhores exemplos do género é um exercício indispensável, que não me canso de recomendar. Estas duas listas são um excelente ponto de partida (com mais duas de brinde):

=> Os 101 melhores guiões do século XXI (até 2021)

=> Os 101 melhores guiões (até 2005)

=> Os 101 guiões mais engraçados

=> As 101 séries de televisão mais bem escritas

=> Via artigo do site Omelete (que inclui a lista com os nomes dos filmes usados no Brasil)

1. Os meus 10 guiões favoritos estão quase todas nessa lista